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Anesthesia – pharmacologically induced and reversible state of amnesia, analgesia, loss of responsiveness, loss of skeletal muscle reflexes or decreased sympathetic nervous system, or all simultaneously. This allows patients to undergo surgery and other procedures without the distress and pain they would otherwise experience.
Anesthesiology, anaesthesiology or anaesthesia is the medical specialty concerned with the total perioperative care of patients before, during and after surgery. [1] It encompasses anesthesia, intensive care medicine, critical emergency medicine, and pain medicine. [2]
With the beginnings of modern medicine the stage was set for physicians and surgeons to build a paradigm in which anesthesia became useful. [100] On 10 December 1844, Gardner Quincy Colton held a public demonstration of nitrous oxide in Hartford, Connecticut. One of the participants, Samuel A. Cooley, sustained a significant injury to his leg ...
Anesthesia & Analgesia is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering anesthesia, pain management, and perioperative medicine that was established in 1922. [1] It is published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on behalf of the International Anesthesia Research Society. [1] Its editor-in-chief is Jaideep Pandit (St John's College, Oxford).
Anesthesia is a combination of the endpoints (discussed above) that are reached by drugs acting on different but overlapping sites in the central nervous system. General anesthesia (as opposed to sedation or regional anesthesia) has three main goals: lack of movement , unconsciousness, and blunting of the stress response. In the early days of ...
“The purpose of medicine should be to prevent pain, rather than cause it through the denial of anesthesia.” ... Anesthesia keeps patients from feeling pain during surgery or other procedures ...
Manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) or fibrosis release procedures [1] is a multidisciplinary, chronic pain-related manual therapy modality which is intended for the purpose of improving articular and soft tissue movement.
To determine the depth of anesthesia, the anesthetist relies on a series of physical signs of the patient. In 1847, John Snow (1813–1858) [1] and Francis Plomley [2] attempted to describe various stages of general anesthesia, but Guedel in 1937 described a detailed system which was generally accepted. [3] [4] [5]