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Chalk is so common in Cretaceous marine beds that the Cretaceous Period was named for these deposits. The name Cretaceous was derived from Latin creta, meaning chalk. [10] Some deposits of chalk were formed after the Cretaceous. [11] The Chalk Group is a European stratigraphic unit deposited during the late Cretaceous Period.
Chalk mining is the extraction of chalk from underground and above ground deposits by mining. [1] Mined chalk is used mostly to make cement and bricks . Chalk mining was widespread in Britain in the 19th century because of the large amount of construction underway (and the Industrial Revolution ). [ 2 ]
The Chalk Group (often just called the Chalk) is the lithostratigraphic unit (a certain number of rock strata) which contains the Upper Cretaceous limestone succession in southern and eastern England.
The other major chalk and cement producer and most important player in the Rügen Chalk Cartel [5] was the Pommersche Industrieverein a. A. founded in 1872 by Johannes Quistorp. With the collapse at the end of the Second World War, chalk extraction and processing came to a temporary standstill.
Limestone is commonly white to gray in color. Limestone that is unusually rich in organic matter can be almost black in color, while traces of iron or manganese can give limestone an off-white to yellow to red color. The density of limestone depends on its porosity, which varies from 0.1% for the densest limestone to 40% for chalk.
List of countries by aluminium production: Bauxite [7] Australia Guinea: List of countries by bauxite production: Bismuth [8] China Vietnam: List of countries by bismuth production: Copper [9] Chile Peru: List of countries by copper production: Chromium [10] South Africa Turkey: List of countries by chromium production: Gold [11] China Australia
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The National Trust, which owns the surrounding areas, plans to return the land to a natural state of chalk grassland and preserve existing military structures from the Second World War. [35] In June 2021, a wildflower meadow on White Cliffs of Dover was named in honour of Dame Vera Lynn.