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A hiatal hernia or hiatus hernia [2] is a type of hernia in which abdominal organs (typically the stomach) slip through the diaphragm into the middle compartment of the chest. [1] [3] This may result in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) with symptoms such as a taste of acid in the back of the mouth or heartburn.
This is most commonly in the lower back area in the region of the conus medullaris or cauda equina. It, therefore, affects the bowel similarly to a spinal cord injury affecting the lower motor neuron, resulting in a flaccid unreactive rectal wall and means the anal sphincter does not contract and close therefore leading to stool leakage. [ 12 ]
Sensation of a 'lump' in the back of the throat; Throat feels swollen; Discomfort - Lump can often feel quite big and pain is occasional; Symptoms normally worse in the evening; Stress aggravates the symptoms; Saliva is difficult to swallow, yet food is easy to swallow - eating, in fact, often makes the tightness go away for a time
Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. Since the abdomen contains most of the body's vital organs, it can be an indicator of a wide variety of diseases.
Gross pathology of normal colon (left) and severe ulcerative colitis (right), forming pseudopolyps (smaller than the cobblestoning typically seen in Crohn's disease), over a continuous area (rather than skip lesions of Crohn's disease), and with a relatively gradual transition from normal colon (while Crohn's is typically more abrupt).
Vaginal-anal-perineal digitations (needing to press in the back wall of the vagina or on the perineum to aid defecation) Abdominal discomfort and/or pain; Another validated instrument is the Altomare ODS score. [55] There are 7 parameters, scored from 0-4: Mean time spent at the toilet; Number of attempts to defaecate per day; Anal/vaginal ...
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The mucosal lining is nourished by short-chain fatty acids, which are produced as a result of bacterial fermentation in the gut. Long-term lack of exposure to these nutrients can cause inflammation of the colon (colitis). [28] Symptoms include rectal bleeding, mucous discharge, tenesmus, and abdominal pain. [27]