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Despite ongoing calls for further reform and trial court unification, California's trial court system remained quite complex for several more decades. In 1971, a legislative select committee found that the trial court system was fragmented into "58 superior courts, 75 municipal courts, and 244 justice courts, of which 74 percent were single ...
In common law jurisdictions, a preliminary hearing, preliminary examination, preliminary inquiry, evidentiary hearing or probable cause hearing is a proceeding, after a criminal complaint has been filed by the prosecutor, to determine whether there is enough evidence to require a trial. At such a hearing, the defendant may be assisted by a lawyer.
In 2002, the California Administrative Office of the Courts (AOC) started the Second-Generation Electronic Filing Specification (2GEFS) project. [5]After a $200,000 consultant's report declared the project ready for a final push, the Judicial Council of California scrapped the program in 2012 after $500 million in costs.
Gardner, 387 U.S. 158 (1967), the Court upheld pre-enforcement review of an administrative regulation. However, the Court denied such review in the second companion case because any harm from noncompliance with the FDA regulation at issue was too speculative in the Court's opinion to justify judicial review.
After arresting the defendant, the police are required by law to bring the defendant to court within 48 hours (excluding court holidays) for the arraignment hearing. [12] The arraignment is a very short court hearing. At the arraignment, the judge will: Read what charges the District attorney has filed in court against the defendant (e.g.
In June, 1998, California passed Proposition 220, which allowed the judges in each county to determine if the county should have only one trial court. By 2001, all 58 counties had consolidated their courts into a single superior court. The California courts of appeal were added to the judicial branch by a constitutional amendment in 1904.
The State Bar Court judges are nominated by a variety of individuals and bodies. Two of its five hearing judges are appointed by the California Supreme Court, and the remaining three are each selected by the Governor, Speaker of the Assembly and Senate Committee on Rules in turn; these judges constitute the Hearing Department, which is the trial level of the State Bar Court. [3]
The counsel for the plaintiff (or the People) and the defendant attend the hearing to discuss pretrial matters pertaining to the case. The purpose of the hearing is to see if the rights of the defendant have been violated, and it is the duty of the judge to make sure that the oath of office is preserved under article 6 paragraph 2, supremacy ...