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Vitiligo (/ ˌ v ɪ t ɪ ˈ l aɪ ɡ oʊ /, vit-il-eye-goh) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. [1] The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure.
Pigmentation disorders are disturbances of human skin color. [1] There may be a loss or reduction, which may be related to loss of melanocytes or the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin or transport melanosomes correctly. [1] Most pigmentation disorders involve the underproduction or overproduction of melanin. [2] [3]
Nevus depigmentosus is a loss of pigment in the skin which can be easily differentiated from vitiligo. Although age factor has not much involvement in the nevus depigmentosus but in about 19% of the cases these are noted at birth. Their size may however grow in proportion to growth of the body.
In short, melasma is a chronic skin condition that appears as darkened areas on the face due to an overproduction of melanin, says Gina Charles, MO, a family physician specializing in skincare. It ...
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Causes of white spots on nails. The presence of white spots on your nails can mean a number of things. Experts say the discoloration is most commonly due to injury and is usually not a major cause ...
The pigment loss can be partial (injury to the skin) or complete (caused by vitiligo). It can be temporary (from tinea versicolor) or permanent (from albinism). [1] Most commonly, depigmentation of the skin is linked to people born with vitiligo, which produces differing areas of light and dark skin. Monobenzone also causes skin depigmentation.
Some common genetic causes include mutations in the tyrosinase gene or OCA2 gene. [3] [4] As melanin pigments tend to be in the skin, eye, and hair, these are the commonly affected areas in those with hypopigmentation. [2] Hypopigmentation is common and approximately one in twenty have at least one hypopigmented macule.