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The Black Baldy is reared for beef. [3]: 256 Cows may be mated to a bull of a European beef breed, to produce a heavier, better-muscled and faster-growing calf. [2]: 190 In Britain and Ireland a similarly-marked cross-breed, the Black Hereford, results from crossing Hereford bulls on predominantly black-coloured dairy cows. [citation needed]
Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CA), also known as fawn calf syndrome, is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder in cattle. [1] The disorder affects the connective tissue of muscles, [1] leading to contracture of the upper limb (most obvious in the hind limbs), and laxity of the joints of the lower limbs. [2]
Benign acute childhood myositis (BACM) is a syndrome characterized by muscle weakness and pain in the lower limbs that develop in children after a recent viral illness. It is transient with a spontaneous clinical resolution within 1 week.
Chromosome Xp21 deletion syndrome Calf muscle [119] Childhood-onset Bilateral calf muscle hypertrophy [119] Neuromuscular oculoauditory syndrome (NMOAS) Calf muscle [120] Myopathy with extrapyramidal signs (MPXPS) Calf muscle [121] [122] Habitual toe walking secondary to autism spectrum disorder Calf muscle [51] Childhood-onset Muscle hypertrophy
Treatment for those with lissencephaly is symptomatic and depends on the severity and locations of the brain malformations. Treatment is tailored towards the symptoms of the individual. Therapies for lissencephaly are to deal with the symptoms as the syndrome is congenital. Supportive care may be needed to help with comfort and nursing needs.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe type of muscular dystrophy predominantly affecting boys. [3] [7] [8] The onset of muscle weakness typically begins around age four, with rapid progression. [2]
Piriformis syndrome is a condition which is believed to result from nerve compression at the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle. [2] [5] It is a specific case of deep gluteal syndrome. [6] The largest and most bulky nerve in the human body is the sciatic nerve. Starting at its origin it is 2 cm wide and 0.5 cm thick.
A physical exam indicates lack of pectoral and upper arm muscles, especially when the disease is unnoticed through the early teen years. Muscle wasting begins in the legs and pelvis, then progresses to the muscles of the shoulders and neck. Calf muscle enlargement (pseudohypertrophy) is quite obvious. Among the exams/tests performed are: [19] [20]