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The Great Migration, sometimes known as the Great Northward Migration or the Black Migration, was the movement of six million African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West between 1910 and 1970. [1] It was substantially caused by poor economic and social conditions due to prevalent racial ...
Land of Hope: Chicago, Black Southerners, and the Great Migration is a non-fiction book by James R. Grossman, published by University of Chicago Press in 1991. It received several positive reviews in the academic press, and was noted as a significant contribution to scholarly work on Black community experience of migration to Chicago from southern states.
The history of African Americans in Chicago or Black Chicagoans dates back to Jean Baptiste Point du Sable 's trading activities in the 1780s. Du Sable, the city's founder, was Haitian of African and French descent. [4] Fugitive slaves and freedmen established the city's first Black community in the 1840s. By the late 19th century, the first ...
Today, there is a noticeable shift in Black Americans moving from Northern metro areas to the Southern cities. Take Chicago, for example, which has historically been an economic capital for Black ...
Exodusters was a name given to African Americans who migrated from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late nineteenth century, as part of the Exoduster Movement or Exodus of 1879. [1] It was the first general migration of black people following the Civil War. [2]
The Great Migration increased Illinois’ black population by 81% from 1920 to 1930. [4] Many African Americans would reside in Chicago where they would build communities in the South and West sides of Chicago, creating churches, businesses, community organizations, and more to survive and sustain themselves in the segregated city.
First and Second Great Migrations shown through changes in African American share of population in major U.S. cities, 1916–1930 and 1940–1970. In the context of the 20th-century history of the United States, the Second Great Migration was the migration of more than 5 million African Americans from the South to the Northeast, Midwest and West.
Chicago's first Black community along Kinzie Street and Lake Street became adjacent to an Irish community by the river, as well as German, French, Czech, and Bohemian communities. Polish immigrants settled further north along the river in West Town to work at factories and on the railroad.