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  2. Fundamental diagram of traffic flow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_diagram_of...

    Speed – flow diagrams are used to determine the speed at which the optimum flow occurs. There are currently two shapes of the speed-flow curve. The speed-flow curve also consists of two branches, the free flow and congested branches. The diagram is not a function, allowing the flow variable to exist at two different speeds.

  3. Velocity triangle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velocity_triangle

    In turbomachinery, a velocity triangle or a velocity diagram is a triangle representing the various components of velocities of the working fluid in a turbomachine. Velocity triangles may be drawn for both the inlet and outlet sections of any turbomachine.

  4. Wind triangle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_triangle

    The wind triangle graphically represents the relationships among velocity vectors used for air navigation. In air navigation, the wind triangle is a graphical representation of the relationship between aircraft motion and wind. It is used extensively in dead reckoning navigation. The wind triangle is a vector diagram, with three vectors.

  5. Helicopter height–velocity diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicopter_height...

    It is dangerous to operate within the shaded regions of the diagram, because it may be impossible for the pilot to complete an emergency autorotation from a starting point within these regions. [3] The H/V curve also contains a take-off profile, indicating how a pilot can start from 0 height and 0 speed, and safely traverse to cruise.

  6. Flight envelope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_envelope

    A V-n diagram showing V S (stall speed at 1G), V C (corner/maneuver speed) and V D (dive speed) A chart of velocity versus load factor (or V-n diagram) is another way of showing limits of aircraft performance. It shows how much load factor can be safely achieved at different airspeeds. [3]

  7. Maneuvering speed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maneuvering_speed

    A flight envelope diagram showing V S (Stall speed at 1G), V C (Corner/Maneuvering speed) and V D (Dive speed) Vg diagram. Note the 1g stall speed, and the Maneuvering Speed (Corner Speed) for both positive and negative g. The maximum “never-exceed” placard dive speeds are determined for smooth air only.

  8. Hodograph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodograph

    A hodograph is a diagram that gives a vectorial visual representation of the movement of a body or a fluid. It is the locus of one end of a variable vector, with the other end fixed. [1] The position of any plotted data on such a diagram is proportional to the velocity of the moving particle. [2] It is also called a velocity diagram.

  9. Tractive effort - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tractive_effort

    Diagram of tractive effort versus speed for a hypothetical locomotive with power at rail of ~7000 kW. The shape of the graph is shown at right. The line AB shows operation at the maximum tractive effort, the line BC shows continuous tractive effort that is inversely proportional to speed (constant power). [6]