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Ferrochrome or ferrochromium (FeCr) is a type of ferroalloy, that is, an alloy of chromium and iron, generally containing 50 to 70% chromium by weight. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Ferrochrome is produced by electric arc carbothermic reduction of chromite .
The smelting process used differs from that of the modern mass production of steel. A clay vessel about 1.1 meters (3.6 feet) tall, 3 meters (9.8 feet) long, and 1.1 meters (3.6 feet) wide is constructed. This is the tatara. After the clay tub has dried, it is fired until dry.
[1] Chromium is a chemical element that is designated by the symbol Cr and has an atomic number of 24. It is usually found as the mineral chromite , from which ferrochrome is produced in a smelting process.
Smelting is a process of applying heat and a chemical reducing agent to an ore to extract a desired base metal product. [1] It is a form of extractive metallurgy that is used to obtain many metals such as iron , copper , silver , tin , lead and zinc .
[2] Pyrometallurgical processes are generally grouped into one or more of the following categories: [3] calcining, roasting, smelting, refining. Most pyrometallurgical processes require energy input to sustain the temperature at which the process takes place. The energy is usually provided in the form of combustion or from electrical heat.
The process is usually carried out in the vertical furnace, the charge is top-down under the action of gravity, through layer by layer heating and reduction reaction, and finally obtain magnetic iron ore, so as to improve its magnetic separation performance, and facilitate the subsequent beneficiation and smelting process. The main steps of ...
Iron smelting—the extraction of usable metal from oxidized iron ores—is more difficult than tin and copper smelting. While these metals and their alloys can be cold-worked or melted in relatively simple furnaces (such as the kilns used for pottery ) and cast into molds, smelted iron requires hot-working and can be melted only in specially ...
The Krupp–Renn process was a direct reduction steelmaking process used from the 1930s to the 1970s. It used a rotary furnace and was one of the few technically and commercially successful direct reduction processes in the world, acting as an alternative to blast furnaces due to their coke consumption .