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Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae is a plant pathogen that causes cedar-apple rust. [1] In virtually any location where apples or crabapples and eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) coexist, cedar apple rust can be a destructive or disfiguring disease on both the apples and cedars.
Gymnosporangium globosum is a heteroecious rust fungus that requires two hosts to complete its life cycle. Its telial stage occurs on eastern red cedar, Rocky Mountain juniper, southern red cedar, and other common junipers while its aecial stage will be found on apple, crabapple, hawthorne, and occasionally on pear, quince, and serviceberry.
Gymnosporangium is a genus of heteroecious plant-pathogenic fungi which alternately infect members of the family Cupressaceae, primarily species in the genus Juniperus (), and members of the family Rosaceae in the subfamily Amygdaloideae (apples, pears, quinces, shadbush, hawthorns, rowans and their relatives).
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[5] [6] [11] It is an alternate host for cedar–apple rust, an economically significant fungal disease of apples, and some management strategies recommend the removal of J. virginiana near apple orchards [12] Eastern Red Cedar grows in a wide range of climatic and soil conditions.
Gymnosporangium clavipes is a plant pathogen, a fungus that causes cedar-quince rust.Similar to Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae and Gymnosporangium globosum, the fungus infects a wide range of Rosaceae, such as apple, hawthorn and quince trees, and also requires an evergreen host such as eastern red cedar or a number of other juniper species to complete its life cycle.
Cedar-apple rust disease, for example, can persist despite removal of one of the hosts since spores can be disseminated from long distances. The severity of cedar-apple rust disease can be managed by removal of basidiospore producing galls from junipers or the application of protective fungicides to junipers. [24]
American hawthorne rust Gymnosporangium globosum: Cedar apple rust Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae: Japanese apple rust Gymnosporangium yamadae: Pacific Coast pear rust Gymnosporangium libocedri: Quince rust Gymnosporangium clavipes... Side rot Phialophora malorum: Silver leaf Chondrostereum purpureum: Sooty blotch complex Peltaster fructicola