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Chiwere (also called Iowa-Otoe-Missouria or Báxoje-Jíwere-Nyútʼach) is a Siouan language originally spoken by the Missouria, Otoe, and Iowa peoples, who originated in the Great Lakes region but later moved throughout the Midwest and plains.
The Otoe language, Chiwere, is part of the Siouan family and closely related to that of the related Iowa, Missouria, and Ho-Chunk tribes. Historically, the Otoe tribe lived as a semi-nomadic people on the Central Plains along the bank of the Missouri River in Nebraska , Kansas , Iowa , and Missouri .
Truman Washington Dailey, (October 19, 1898 – December 16, 1996) also known as Mashi Manyi ("Soaring High") and Sunge Hka ("White Horse"), was the last native speaker of the Otoe-Missouria dialect of Chiwere (Baxoje-Jiwere-Nyut'achi), a Native American language. He was a member of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians.
Siouan languages can be grouped into Western Siouan languages and Catawban.. The Western Siouan languages are typically subdivided into Missouri River languages (such as Crow and Hidatsa), Mandan, Mississippi River languages (such as Dakota, Chiwere-Winnebago, and Dhegihan languages), and Ohio Valley Siouan languages (Ofo, Biloxi, and Tutelo).
At most three tribal members still speak the Otoe or Chiwere language; [22] however, the tribe has a program to revitalize the language. Language classes are held weekly in Red Rock, Oklahoma and online. "Otoe Language Program". The Otoe–Missouria Tribe. Retrieved 24 Jan 2012.</ref>
The Western Siouan languages, also called Siouan proper or simply Siouan, [1] are a large language family native to North America.They are closely related to the Catawban languages, sometimes called Eastern Siouan, and together with them constitute the Siouan (Siouan–Catawban) language family.
The Iowa, also known as Ioway, and the Bah-Kho-Je or Báxoje (English: grey snow; Chiwere: Báxoje ich'é), [3] are a Native American Siouan people. Today, they are enrolled in either of two federally recognized tribes, the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma and the Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska.
Traditionally Iowas spoke the Chiwere language, part of the Siouan language family. Their own name for their tribe is Bahkhoje, meaning, "grey snow," a term inspired by the tribe's traditional winter lodges covered with snow, stained grey from hearth fires. [2] Since 1985, the tribe has held an annual powwow. It takes place in mid-June four ...