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[8] [9] [10] The mental forces involved in psychodynamics are often divided into two parts: [11] (a) the interaction of the emotional and motivational forces that affect behavior and mental states, especially on a subconscious level; (b) inner forces affecting behavior: the study of the emotional and motivational forces that affect behavior and ...
[4] Lazarus and Folkman co-authored a book called "Stress, Appraisal and Coping" in 1984, which worked through the theory of psychological stress, using concepts of Cognitive appraisal and coping. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] In this book, they were the first to make the distinction between "problem-focused coping" and "emotion-focused coping" which could ...
In the first definitive book on defence mechanisms, The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence (1936), [7] Anna Freud enumerated the ten defence mechanisms that appear in the works of her father, Sigmund Freud: repression, regression, reaction formation, isolation, undoing, projection, introjection, turning against one's own person, reversal into the opposite, and sublimation or displacement.
The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model is a theoretical framework developed by Jeffrey D. Fisher and William A. Fisher in 1992. [1] Initially designed to understand and promote HIV -preventive behaviors, the IMB model has since been applied to various health-related behaviors and interventions.
The protection motivation theory predicts that preventive actions will be preferred in a high threat situation when the self-efficacy and the efficacy of the recommended action are both high. Conversely, it is expected that maladaptive actions will be maintained when there is a high threat but the efficacy perceptions are low.
Each behavioural change theory or model focuses on different factors in attempting to explain behaviour change. Of the many that exist, the most prevalent are learning theories, social cognitive theory, theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour, transtheoretical model of behavior change, the health action process approach, and the BJ Fogg model of behavior change.
Psychological behaviorism provides the framework for an approach to clinical treatment of behavior disorders, as shown in the field of behavior analysis. [ 8 ] [ 28 ] [ 31 ] [ 32 ] [ 33 ] PB theory also indicates how behavior disorders can be prevented by preventing the abnormal learning conditions that produce them.
In social psychology, social buffering is a phenomenon where social connections can alleviate negative consequences of stressful events.. Although there are other models and theories to describe how social support can help reduce individuals' stress responses, social buffering hypothesis is one of the dominant ones.
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