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Algorithm Output size (bits) Internal state size [note 1] Block size Length size Word size Rounds; BLAKE2b: 512 512 1024 128 [note 2]: 64 12 BLAKE2s: 256 256 512 64 [note 3]: 32 10
BLAKE2b is faster than MD5, SHA-1, SHA-2, and SHA-3, on 64-bit x86-64 and ARM architectures. [4] BLAKE2 provides better security than SHA-2 and similar to that of SHA-3: immunity to length extension , indifferentiability from a random oracle, etc. [ 6 ]
SHA-2: A family of two similar hash functions, with different block sizes, known as SHA-256 and SHA-512. They differ in the word size; SHA-256 uses 32-bit words where SHA-512 uses 64-bit words. There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA.
1.79 / October 30, 2024; 2 months ago () [2] Java LTS: BC-LJA 2.73.7 / November 8, 2024; 2 months ago () [3] Java FIPS: BC-FJA 2.0.0 / July 30, 2024; 5 months ago () [4] C#: 2.4.0 / May 27, 2024; 7 months ago () [5] C# FIPS: BC-FNA 1.0.2 / March 11, 2024; 10 months ago () [6]
As of October 2012, CNSSP-15 [4] stated that the 256-bit elliptic curve (specified in FIPS 186-2), SHA-256, and AES with 128-bit keys are sufficient for protecting classified information up to the Secret level, while the 384-bit elliptic curve (specified in FIPS 186-2), SHA-384, and AES with 256-bit keys are necessary for the protection of Top ...
In cryptography and computer security, a length extension attack is a type of attack where an attacker can use Hash(message 1) and the length of message 1 to calculate Hash(message 1 ‖ message 2) for an attacker-controlled message 2, without needing to know the content of message 1.
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
Second-preimage resistance implies preimage resistance only if the size of the hash function's inputs can be substantially (e.g., factor 2) larger than the size of the hash function's outputs. [1] Conversely, a second-preimage attack implies a collision attack (trivially, since, in addition to x ′ , x is already known right from the start).