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Visual loss in children or infants can occur either at the prenatal stage (during the time of conception or intrauterine period) or postnatal stage (immediately after birth). [3] There are multiple possible causes of congenital blindness. In general, 60% of congenital blindness cases are contributed from prenatal stage and 40% are contributed ...
Congenital cataracts are responsible for nearly 10% of all vision loss in children worldwide. Congenital cataracts are one of the most common treatable causes of visual impairment and blindness during infancy, with an estimated prevalence of 1 to 6 cases per 10,000 live births.
For infants, visual acuity can be tested by visual evoked response, Catford drum, optokinetic nystagmus, and Teller's acuity cards tests. [4] For children aged 1–2 years old, visual acuity can be tested by Worth's ivory ball test, Boeck's candy test, the "Screening Test for Young Children and Retards", and Cardiff's acuity test. [ 4 ]
Childhood blindness is an important contribution to the national prevalence of the disability of blindness. [3] Blindness in children can be defined as a visual acuity of <3/60 in the eye with better vision of a child under 16 years of age. [4]
Primary congenital glaucoma is a rare eye condition that is present at birth or develops early in childhood. It occurs due to improper drainage of the eye's fluids, which leads to increased pressure inside the eye, known as intraocular pressure .
ONH is the single leading cause of permanent legal blindness in children in the western world. [12] The incidence of ONH is increasing, although it is difficult to estimate the true prevalence. Between 1980 and 1999, the occurrences of ONH in Sweden increased four-fold to 7.2 per 100,000, while all other causes of childhood blindness had declined.
From symptoms to treatment options, these are the need-to-know facts on RSV according to experts. Respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV, can lead to dangerous infections in young babies, yet it's ...
Without it, the central eye appears all black. It can be congenital, in which both eyes are usually involved, or caused by a penetrant injury. [1] Isolated aniridia is a congenital disorder that is not limited to a defect in iris development, but is a panocular condition with macular and optic nerve hypoplasia, cataract, and corneal changes. [2]