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Side effects may include bleeding, most commonly from the nose, gastrointestinal tract (GI) or genitourinary system. [2] Compared to the risk of bleeding with warfarin use, direct factor Xa inhibitors have a higher risk of GI bleeding, but lower risk of bleeding in the brain. [2]
For many years dual treatment with the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitor aspirin and clopidogrel was routine practice and served as the main antiplatelet agents for the prevention of thrombotic events as they have the capability to powerfully manipulate platelet biology, which plays a central part in thrombosis.
Often a combination of aspirin plus an ADP/P2Y inhibitor [7] (such as clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, or another) is used to obtain greater effectiveness than with either agent alone. This is known as "dual antiplatelet therapy" (or DAPT).
Clopidogrel, sold under the brand name Plavix among others, is an antiplatelet medication used to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in those at high risk. [10] It is also used together with aspirin in heart attacks and following the placement of a coronary artery stent ( dual antiplatelet therapy ). [ 10 ]
aspirin: antiplatelet risks for GI tract bleeding and hemorrhagic stroke [40] [41] [32] [42] [43] dipyridamole: platelet aggregation inhibitor oral or intravenous Abdominal or stomach cramps, diarrhea, dizziness or lightheadedness [44] [45] [46] [41] clopidogrel: antiplatelet [45] [41] ticlid: enoxaparin: anticoagulant
Aside from aspirin, three antiplatelet agents taken by mouth have been approved for use in acute coronary syndromes, clopidogrel, ticagrelor and prasugrel; all reduce platelet aggregation by inhibiting the P2Y 12 receptor, a type of adenosine phosphate receptor, on the surface of platelets. Not all three of them are equally indicated in all ...
An antithrombotic agent is a drug that reduces the formation of blood clots (). [1] [2] Antithrombotics can be used therapeutically for prevention (primary prevention, secondary prevention) or treatment of a dangerous blood clot (acute thrombus).
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors are frequently used during percutaneous coronary intervention (angioplasty with or without intracoronary stent placement).. They work by preventing platelet aggregation and thrombus formation.