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Paddy fields in present-day Tamil Nadu. Among the five geographical divisions of the Tamil country in Sangam literature, the Marutam region was the most fit for cultivation, as it had the most fertile lands. [2] The prosperity of a farmer depended on getting the necessary sunlight, seasonal rains and the fertility of the soil.
The economy of the ancient Tamil country (Sangam era: 600 BCE – 300 CE) describes the ancient economy of a region in southern India that mostly covers the present-day states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The main economic activities were agriculture, weaving, pearl fishery, manufacturing and construction.
Tamil Nadu Horticulture Development Agency (TANHODA) was formed on 18.06.2004 vide G.O.Ms.No.91 (Agri) dated 27.03.2000 to channelise the central assistance in a larger scale to promote Horticulture. It has been registered as a Society under Tamil Nadu Societies Registration Act 1975. [2]
Each region in India has a specific soil and climate that is only suitable for certain types of farming. Many regions on the western side of India experience less than 50 cm of rain annually, so the farming systems are restricted to cultivate crops that can withstand drought conditions and farmers are usually restricted to single cropping. [3]
As of 2022, agriculture contributed to 13% of the state's GSDP. [1] As of 2022, the state had 6.15 million hectares under cultivation. [2] The department is responsible to ensure stable agricultural production, devise and implement methodologies to increase food production and ensure availability of raw materials for agro-based industries.
Koothanallur was a town Panchayat till 1994, when it was promoted to a grade III Municipality. It was further promoted to a grade II municipality during May 1998. The municipality covers an area of 12.31 km 2 (4.75 sq mi) and has four revenue villages. [17] As of 2011, the municipality had a total of 24 members, one each for the 24 wards. [17]
The east coast of Tamil Nadu was one of the areas affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, during which almost 8000 people died in the disaster. [112] The sixth most populous state in the Indian Union, Tamil Nadu was the seventh-largest economy in 2005 among the states of India. [113]
Tamil Nadu's net state domestic product is the second largest economy in India. Tamil Nadu is the second largest state economy after Maharashtra with a gross state domestic product of ₹ 2,134,395 crore (equivalent to ₹ 25 trillion or US$290 billion in 2023). With GDP per capita of $3,000 it ranks fourth among Indian states.