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Toroidal inductors and transformers are inductors and transformers which use magnetic cores with a toroidal (ring or donut) shape. They are passive electronic components , consisting of a circular ring or donut shaped magnetic core of ferromagnetic material such as laminated iron , iron powder, or ferrite , around which wire is wound.
A molypermalloy powder (MPP) core is a toroidal magnetic core comprised from the powder of multiple alloys. It is distributed with air gaps to help condense its magnetic field to minimize core losses. Its composition is made from approximately 79% nickel, 17% iron, and 4% molybdenum.
Cores can also be classified by shape, such as toroidal, shell, or cylindrical cores. The ferrite cores used for power transformers work in the low-frequency range (1 to 200 kHz usually [ 2 ] ) and are relatively large in size, can be toroidal, shell, or shaped like the letters 'C', 'D', or 'E'.
In radio circuits, a blob of wax or resin is used once the inductor has been tuned to prevent the core from moving. The presence of the high permeability core increases the inductance, but the magnetic field lines must still pass through the air from one end of the rod to the other. The air path ensures that the inductor remains linear.
In toroidal SMES, the coil is always under compression by the outer hoops and two disks, one of which is on the top and the other is on the bottom to avoid breakage. Currently, there is little need for toroidal geometry for small SMES, but as the size increases, mechanical forces become more important and the toroidal coil is needed.
Toroidal coil With the toroidal core winding technology an electric coil or winding is created by winding an electrical conductor (e.g. copper wire) through the circular ring and evenly distributing it over the circumference ( Toroidal inductors and transformers , toroidal chokes).
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In this context a toroid need not be circular and may have any number of holes. A g-holed toroid can be seen as approximating the surface of a torus having a topological genus, g, of 1 or greater. The Euler characteristic χ of a g holed toroid is 2(1-g). [2] The torus is an example of a toroid, which is the surface of a doughnut.