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One study (Takahata et al., 1995) used 15 DNA sequences from different regions of the genome from human and chimpanzee and 7 DNA sequences from human, chimpanzee and gorilla. [13] They determined that chimpanzees are more closely related to humans than gorillas.
Chimpanzees, and the closely related bonobos, are the species nearest genetically to humans, sharing about 98.8% of our DNA. The human and chimpanzee evolutionary lineages split about 6.9 million ...
The myth of the one percent refers to the 1975 study done by Wilson and King [1] that asserted that human-chimpanzee divergence is about 1%. Humans share a common ancestor with chimpanzees, and the rapid evolution of chimpanzees and humans, along with gorillas and bonobos, has led to difficulties in creating an accurate lineage or tree topology.
The Chimpanzee Genome Project was an effort to determine the DNA sequence of the chimpanzee genome. Sequencing began in 2005 and by 2013 twenty-four individual chimpanzees had been sequenced. This project was folded into the Great Ape Genome Project. [1] Two juvenile central chimpanzees, the nominate subspecies
If the hypothesis of common descent is true, then species that share a common ancestor inherited that ancestor's DNA sequence, as well as mutations unique to that ancestor. More closely related species have a greater fraction of identical sequence and shared substitutions compared to more distantly related species.
Most DNA studies find that humans and Pan are 99% identical, [19] [20] but one study found only 94% commonality, with some of the difference occurring in non-coding DNA. [21] It is most likely that the australopithecines, dating from 4.4 to 3 Mya, evolved into the earliest members of genus Homo .
In 1984 the first DNA sequence from an extinct animal was done. [11] Sibley and Ahlquist apply DNA-DNA hybridization technology to anthropoid phylogeny, and see pan/human split closer than Gorilla/Pan or gorilla/human split, a highly controversial claim. [12] [13] However, in 1987 they were able to support their claim. [14]
With the sequencing of both the human and chimpanzee genome, as of 2012 estimates of the similarity between their DNA sequences range between 95% and 99%. [ 268 ] [ 269 ] [ 31 ] It is also noteworthy that mice share around 97.5% of their working DNA with humans. [ 270 ]