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Baryte, barite or barytes (/ ˈ b ær aɪ t, ˈ b ɛər-/ BARR-eyet, BAIR-[7] or / b ə ˈ r aɪ t iː z / bə-RYTE-eez [8]) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate (BaS O 4). [3] Baryte is generally white or colorless, and is the main source of the element barium.
Barium sulfate (or sulphate) is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ba SO 4.It is a white crystalline solid that is odorless and insoluble in water.It occurs in nature as the mineral barite, which is the main commercial source of barium and materials prepared from it.
Smooth pebble-like stones of mineral baryte were found in volcanic rock near Bologna, Italy, and so were called "Bologna stones". Alchemists were attracted to them because after exposure to light they would glow for years. [17] The phosphorescent properties of baryte heated with organics were described by V. Casciorolus in 1602. [9]: 5
Barytocalcite is an anhydrous barium calcium carbonate mineral with the chemical formula Ba Ca(C O 3) 2. It is trimorphous with alstonite and paralstonite, that is to say the three minerals have the same formula but different structures. [3] Baryte and quartz pseudomorphs after barytocalcite have been observed. [4]
BaS was prepared by the Italian alchemist Vincenzo Cascariolo (also known as Vincentius or Vincentinus Casciarolus or Casciorolus, 1571–1624) via the thermo-chemical reduction of BaSO 4 (available as the mineral barite). [6] It is currently manufactured by an improved version of Cascariolo's process using coke in place of flour and charcoal.
Rose rock in Oklahoma was formed during the Permian Period, 250 million years ago, when western and central Oklahoma was covered by a shallow sea. As the sea retreated, baryte precipitated out of the water and crystallized around grains of quartz sand.
Barite, the material that was first found to contain barium. Barite, a mineral containing barium, was first recognized as containing a new element in 1774 by Carl Scheele, although he was able to isolate only barium oxide. Barium oxide was isolated again two years later by Johan Gottlieb Gahn.
Witherite is a barium carbonate mineral, Ba C O 3, in the aragonite group. [2] Witherite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and virtually always is twinned. [2] The mineral is colorless, milky-white, grey, pale-yellow, green, to pale-brown. The specific gravity is 4.3, which is high for a translucent mineral. [2]