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In computing, protected mode, also called protected virtual address mode, [1] is an operational mode of x86-compatible central processing units (CPUs). It allows system software to use features such as segmentation, virtual memory, paging and safe multi-tasking designed to increase an operating system's control over application software.
Memory protection is a way to control memory access rights on a computer, and is a part of most modern instruction set architectures and operating systems. The main purpose of memory protection is to prevent a process from accessing memory that has not been allocated to it.
A Replay Protected Memory Block (RPMB) is provided as a means for a system to store data to the specific memory area in an authenticated and replay protected manner and can only be read and written via successfully authenticated read and write accesses. The data may be overwritten by the host but can never be erased.
For example, the Rust programming language implements a borrow checker to ensure memory safety, [12] while C and C++ provide no memory safety guarantees. The substantial amount of software written in C and C++ has motivated the development of external static analysis tools like Coverity, which offers static memory analysis for C. [13]
In computing, a process that is blocked is waiting for some event, such as a resource becoming available or the completion of an I/O operation. [1] Once the event occurs for which the process is waiting ("is blocked on"), the process is advanced from blocked state to an imminent one, such as runnable .
In computer programming, thread-local storage (TLS) is a memory management method that uses static or global memory local to a thread. The concept allows storage of data that appears to be global in a system with separate threads. Many systems impose restrictions on the size of the thread-local memory block, in fact often rather tight limits.
The first DPMI specification drafts were published in 1989 by Microsoft's Ralph Lipe. [4] [1] While based on a prototypical version of DPMI for Windows 3.0 in 386 enhanced mode, several features of this implementation were removed from the official specification, including a feature named MS-DOS Extensions [5] or DOS API translation that had been proposed by Ralph Lipe in the original drafts. [6]
Only trusted applications running in a TEE have access to the full power of a device's main processor, peripherals, and memory, while hardware isolation protects these from user-installed apps running in a main operating system. Software and cryptogaphic inside the TEE protect the trusted applications contained within from each other. [14]