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Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula Na N O 3. This alkali metal nitrate salt is also known as Chile saltpeter (large deposits of which were historically mined in Chile) [4] [5] to distinguish it from ordinary saltpeter, potassium nitrate. The mineral form is also known as nitratine, nitratite or soda niter.
Chemical coloring of metals is the process of changing the color of metal surfaces with different chemical solutions. The chemical coloring of metals can be split into three types: electroplating – coating the metal surface with another metal using electrolysis. patination – chemically reacting the metal surface to form a colored oxide or ...
A schematic of a typical slot-die coating system. Slot-die coating equipment is available in a variety of configurations and form factors. However, the vast majority of slot-die processes are driven by a similar set of common core components. These include: A fluid reservoir to store the main supply of coating fluid for the system; A pump to ...
Hot baths of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), nitrates such as sodium nitrate (Na N O 3), and/or nitrites such as sodium nitrite (NaNO 2) [3] at 141 °C (286 °F) are used to convert the surface of the material into magnetite (Fe 3 O 4). Water must be periodically added to the bath, with proper controls to prevent a steam explosion.
In the nitre bluing process, polished and cleaned steel parts are immersed in a bath of molten salts—typically potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate (sometimes with 9.4 grams (0.33 oz) of manganese dioxide per pound of total nitrate). The mixture is heated to 310 to 321 °C (590 to 610 °F) and the parts are suspended in this solution with wire.
Polyacrylates are also used as environmentally friendly adhesives or coatings. In addition, sodium polyacrylate is used in paper diapers and Maximum Absorbency Garments as the absorbent material. [9] It is also used in ice packs to convert the water used as the cooling agent into a gel, in order to reduce spillage in case the ice pack leaks. [10]
Nanotechnology is being applied to paints to obtained the coatings having self healing capabilities and corrosion protection under insulation. Since these coatings are hydrophobic and repels water from the metal pipe and can also protect metal from salt water attack. [22] Nanoparticle based systems can provide better adhesion and transparency.
Electroless nickel-phosphorus coatings with less than 7% phosphorus are solid solutions with a microcrystalline structure, with each grain 2–6 nm across. Coatings with more than 10% phosphorus are amorphous. Between these two limits, the coating is a mixture of amorphous and microcrystalline materials. [16]