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Open Bioinformatics Foundation: Biopython: Python language toolkit Cross-platform: Biopython [2] Open Bioinformatics Foundation: BioRuby: Ruby language toolkit Linux, macOS, Windows [3] GPL v2 or Ruby: Open Bioinformatics Foundation: BLAST: Algorithm and program for comparing primary biological sequence information, including DNA and protein ...
In bioinformatics, a sequence alignment is a way of arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify regions of similarity that may be a consequence of functional, structural, or evolutionary relationships between the sequences. [1] Aligned sequences of nucleotide or amino acid residues are typically represented as rows within a matrix.
A practical biological example of this would be taking an individual's genetic data and predicting whether or not that individual is predisposed to develop a certain disease or cancer. At each internal node the algorithm checks the dataset for exactly one feature, a specific gene in the previous example, and then branches left or right based on ...
Bioinformatics entails the creation and advancement of databases, algorithms, computational and statistical techniques, and theory to solve formal and practical problems arising from the management and analysis of biological data.
However, the conclusions drawn from the obtained results require manual expert analysis. [ 6 ] DNA annotation is classified into two categories: structural annotation , which identifies and demarcates elements in a genome, and functional annotation , which assigns functions to these elements. [ 7 ]
KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) is a collection of databases dealing with genomes, biological pathways, diseases, drugs, and chemical substances.KEGG is utilized for bioinformatics research and education, including data analysis in genomics, metagenomics, metabolomics and other omics studies, modeling and simulation in systems biology, and translational research in drug development.
In bioinformatics, MAFFT (multiple alignment using fast Fourier transform) is a program used to create multiple sequence alignments of amino acid or nucleotide sequences. Published in 2002, the first version used an algorithm based on progressive alignment , in which the sequences were clustered with the help of the fast Fourier transform . [ 2 ]
Clustering is central to much data-driven bioinformatics research and serves as a powerful computational method whereby means of hierarchical, centroid-based, distribution-based, density-based, and self-organizing maps classification, has long been studied and used in classical machine learning settings.