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The first finding is that junctional rhythms are regular rhythms. This means that the time interval between beats stays constant. The next normal finding is a normal QRS. Since the impulse still travels down the bundle of His, the QRS will not be wide. Junctional rhythms can present with either bradycardia, a normal heart rate, or tachycardia. [9]
Transvenous pacing may be required if the cause of the bradycardia is not rapidly reversible. [34] Methylxanthines like theophylline and aminophylline are also used in the treatment of acute bradycardia due to sinus node dysfunction (SND). [5] In children, giving oxygen, supporting their breathing, and chest compressions are recommended. [39] [40]
Junctional rhythms (if a bradycardia) can cause decreased cardiac output. Therefore, the person may exhibit signs and symptoms similar to other bradycardia such as lightheadedness, dizziness, low blood pressure, and fainting. This rhythm can usually be tolerated if the rate is above 50 beats per minute. [citation needed]
Bigeminy is a cardiac arrhythmia in which there is a single ectopic beat, or irregular heartbeat, following each regular heartbeat.Most often this is due to ectopic beats occurring so frequently that there is one after each sinus beat, or normal heartbeat.
Electrical treatment of arrhythmias also includes cardiac pacing. Temporary pacing may be necessary for reversible causes of very slow heartbeats, or bradycardia (for example, from drug overdose or myocardial infarction). A permanent pacemaker may be placed in situations where the bradycardia is not expected to recover.
The ECG shows AV-junctional rhythm resulting in bradycardia at around 46 beats per minute. This ECG from the same patient shows atrial fibrillation at around 126 beats per minute. The most common complication of sinus node dysfunction is the development of tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome with abnormal atrial rhythms such as atrial tachycardia ...
[citation needed] Most stable patients have persistent bradycardia-related symptoms and require identification and treatment of any reversible cause or permanent implantable pacemaker. Reversible causes of complete AV block should be ruled out before the insertion of a permanent pacemaker, such as drugs that slow heart rate and which induce ...
The cause of wandering atrial pacemaker is unclear. Increased tone from the vagus nerve may factor into the rhythm appearing in young, healthy individuals who exercise. The vagus nerve is a part of the parasympathetic nervous system that helps control heart rate and contractility of the heart.
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