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The 1860 United States census was the eighth census conducted in the United States starting June 1, 1860, and lasting five months. It determined the population of the United States to be 31,443,321 [ 1 ] in 33 states and 10 organized territories.
Graph of world population over the past 12,000 years . As a general rule, the confidence of estimates on historical world population decreases for the more distant past. Robust population data exist only for the last two or three centuries. Until the late 18th century, few governments had ever performed an accurate census.
Total population counts for the Censuses of 1790 through 1860 include both free and enslaved persons. Native Americans were not identified in the Census of 1790 through 1840 and only sporadically from 1850 until 1890, if they lived outside of Indian Territory or off reservations.
The total number immigrating in each decade from 1790 to 1820 are estimates. The number of foreign born in the 1830s and 1840s are extrapolations. Nearly all population growth up to 1830 was by internal increase; about 98.5% of the population was native-born. By 1850, this had shifted to about 90% native-born.
b ^ While all Native Americans in the United States were only counted as part of the (total) U.S. population since 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau previously either enumerated or made estimates of the non-taxed Native American population (which was not counted as a part of the U.S. population before 1890) for the 1860–1880 time period.
A Boeing 777 from the United States landing at London Heathrow Airport air travel is the most popular means of long-distance passenger travel in the United States. Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in the Atlanta metropolitan area is the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic with 93.6 million passengers annually in 2022.
According to the 1860 U.S. census, fewer than 385,000 individuals (i.e. 1.4% of whites in the country, or 4.8% of southern whites) owned one or more slaves. [17] 95% of blacks lived in the South, comprising one-third of the population there as opposed to 1% of the population of the North. [18]
U.S. territorial extent in 1860. April 3, 1860 – Pony Express begins. November 6 – 1860 United States presidential election: Abraham Lincoln elected president and Hannibal Hamlin vice president with only 39% of the vote in a four-man race. December 18 – Crittenden Compromise fails. December 20 – President Buchanan fires his cabinet.