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Up to one-third of kratom users experience an adverse side effect, which may involve cardiac arrest, liver damage, brain bleeding, or seizures. In some cases, kratom use has resulted in overdose ...
The FDA is aware of 36 deaths linked to the drug, as well as a tenfold increase in calls to poison control centers about the substance from 2010 to 2015.
In smaller doses, kratom can produce stimulant effects, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If taken in higher doses, it can produce effects similar to opioids.
Beyond adverse effects from the herb itself, "adulteration, inappropriate formulation, or lack of understanding of plant and drug interactions have led to adverse reactions that are sometimes life threatening or lethal." [3]
Mitragynine is an indole-based alkaloid and is one of the main psychoactive constituents in the Southeast Asian plant Mitragyna speciosa, commonly known as kratom. [4] It is an opioid that is typically consumed as a part of kratom for its pain-relieving and euphoric effects.
Mitragyna speciosa is a tropical evergreen tree of the Rubiaceae family (coffee family) native to Southeast Asia. [3] It is indigenous to Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea, [4] where its leaves, known as kratom, have been used in herbal medicine since at least the 19th century. [5]
Cannabis use can lead to addiction, which is defined as "when the person cannot stop using the drug even though it interferes with many aspects of his or her life." [5] [7] [8] [9] Cannabis use disorder is defined in the fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as a condition requiring treatment. [3]
There’s no single explanation for why addiction treatment is mired in a kind of scientific dark age, why addicts are denied the help that modern medicine can offer. Family doctors tend to see addicts as a nuisance or a liability and don’t want them crowding their waiting rooms. In American culture, self-help runs deep.