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Political scientists, historians, and practitioners of international relations have used the following concepts of political power: [citation needed] Power as a goal of states or leaders; Power as a measure of influence or control over outcomes, events, actors and issues; Power as victory in conflict and the attainment of security;
In political science, power is the ability to influence or direct the actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors. [1] [2] [3] Power does not exclusively refer to the threat or use of force by one actor against another, but may also be exerted through diffuse means (such as institutions).
They believe instead that the state apparatus should be completely dismantled, and an alternative set of social relations created, which are not based on state power at all. [104] [105] Various Christian anarchists, such as Jacques Ellul, have identified the state and political power as the Beast in the Book of Revelation. [106] [107]
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually law-making, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinguishable and articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each. [1]
National power is defined as the sum of all resources available to a nation in the pursuit of national objectives. [1] Assessing the national power of political entities was already a matter of relevance during the classical antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance and today.
In philosophy, political science and sociology, elite theory is a theory of the state that seeks to describe and explain power relations in society.In its contemporary form in the 21st century, elite theory posits that (1) power in larger societies, especially nation-states, is concentrated at the top in relatively small elites; (2) power "flows predominantly in a top-down direction from ...
State formation can include state-building and nation-building. Academic debate about various theories is a prominent feature in fields like anthropology, sociology, economics, and political science. [2] Dominant frameworks emphasize the superiority of the state as an organization for waging war and extracting resources.
In political science, statism or etatism (from French état 'state') is the doctrine that the political authority of the state is legitimate to some degree. [1] [2] [3] This may include economic and social policy, especially in regard to taxation and the means of production.