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The main purpose of these principles was to produce an illusion that cartoon characters adhered to the basic laws of physics, but they also dealt with more abstract issues, such as emotional timing and character appeal. The book has been referred to by some as the "Bible of animation", [2] and some of its principles have been adopted by ...
Anticipation: A baseball player making a pitch prepares for the action by moving his arm back. After the anticipation comes the action and the reaction.. Anticipation is one of the fundamental 12 basic principles of animation, as set out by Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston in their authoritative 1981 book on the Disney Studio titled The Illusion of Life.
Sometimes, visual effects animators will use the same principles of character animation; an early example is the pseudopod in The Abyss. [3] On-going computer science research on character animation deals with the question of generating multi-layer level of detail at run-time to allow large crowd rendering in real-time applications. [4]
Today, computer animation is the dominant animation technique in most regions (hand-drawn animation continues to be very popular outside of the USA; for example, Japanese anime and European hand-drawn productions). Computer animation is mostly associated with a three-dimensional appearance with detailed shading, although many different ...
Audio-Animatronics is a form of robotics animation, combined with 3-D animation, created by Walt Disney Imagineering for shows and attractions at Disney theme parks move and make noise (generally a recorded speech or song). [128] They are fixed to whatever supports them. They can sit and stand, and they cannot walk.
Example A shows a ball bouncing with a rigid, non-dynamic movement. In example B the ball is "squashed" at impact, and "stretched" during fall and rebound Squash and stretch is the phrase used to describe "by far the most important" [ 1 ] : 47 of the 12 basic principles of animation , described in the book The Illusion of Life by Frank Thomas ...
Cartoon physics or animation physics are terms for a jocular system of laws of physics (and biology) that supersedes the normal laws, used in animation for humorous effect. Many of the most famous American animated films , particularly those from Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios, indirectly developed a relatively consistent set of ...
Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation of the 20th century, until there was a shift to computer animation in the industry, such as digital ink and paint and 3D computer animation .