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List of musical chords Name Chord on C Sound # of p.c.-Forte # p.c. #s Quality ... 0 3 6 e: Diminished Diminished seventh chord (leading-tone and secondary chord)
the root note (e.g. C ♯) the chord quality (e.g. minor or lowercase m, or the symbols o or + for diminished and augmented chords, respectively; chord quality is usually omitted for major chords) whether the chord is a triad, seventh chord, or an extended chord (e.g. Δ 7) any altered notes (e.g. sharp five, or ♯ 5) any added tones (e.g. add2)
Common chords are frequently used in modulations, in a type of modulation known as common chord modulation or diatonic pivot chord modulation. It moves from the original key to the destination key (usually a closely related key) by way of a chord both keys share. For example, G major and D major have 4 chords in common: G, Bm, D, Em.
In the key of C major, these would be: D minor, E minor, F major, G major, A minor, and C minor. Despite being three sharps or flats away from the original key in the circle of fifths, parallel keys are also considered as closely related keys as the tonal center is the same, and this makes this key have an affinity with the original key.
In a minor key the intervals are reversed: the tonic parallel (e.g. Eb in Cm) is a minor third above, and the counter parallel (e.g. Ab in Cm) is a major third below. Both the parallel and the counter parallel have two notes in common with the tonic (Am and C share C & E; Em and C share E & G).
In the key of C major, the I major 7 chord is "C, E, G, B," the iii chord ("III–7" [11]) is E minor 7 ("E, G, B, D") and the vi minor 7 chord is A minor 7 ("A, C, E, G"). Both of the tonic substitute chords use notes from the tonic chord, which means that they usually support a melody originally designed for the tonic (I) chord.
The scale degree chords of A minor are: Tonic – A minor; Supertonic – B diminished; Mediant – C major; Subdominant – D minor; Dominant – E minor; Submediant – F major; Subtonic – G major
[1] [2] For example, G major and G minor have the same tonic (G) but have different modes, so G minor is the parallel minor of G major. This relationship is different from that of relative keys, a pair of major and minor scales that share the same notes but start on different tonics (e.g., G major and E minor).