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The twelve pentominoes. After an introductory chapter that enumerates the polyominoes up to the hexominoes (made from six squares), the next two chapters of the book concern the pentominoes (made from five squares), the rectangular shapes that can be formed from them, and the subsets of an chessboard into which the twelve pentominoes can be packed.
This is a list of two-dimensional geometric shapes in Euclidean and other geometries. For mathematical objects in more dimensions, see list of mathematical shapes. For a broader scope, see list of shapes.
A three-dimensional model of a figure-eight knot.The figure-eight knot is a prime knot and has an Alexander–Briggs notation of 4 1.. Topology (from the Greek words τόπος, 'place, location', and λόγος, 'study') is the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of a geometric object that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, twisting, crumpling ...
In a more specific sense, the term toponymy refers to an inventory of toponyms, while the discipline researching such names is referred to as toponymics or toponomastics. [7] Toponymy is a branch of onomastics, the study of proper names of all kinds. [8] A person who studies toponymy is called toponymist. [1]
For example, in a polyhedron (3-dimensional polytope), a face is a facet, an edge is a ridge, and a vertex is a peak. Vertex figure: not itself an element of a polytope, but a diagram showing how the elements meet.
Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which uses abstract algebraic techniques, mainly from commutative algebra, to solve geometrical problems.Classically, it studies zeros of multivariate polynomials; the modern approach generalizes this in a few different aspects.
An instructive example is Salzach, now classed as a Fluss (' river ') but formerly as Ache as it was only navigable by raft, not by regular riverboats. Hydronymy in -ach generally indicates a Germanic settlement in the early medieval or migration period , while names in -bach indicate names of the high medieval period. [ 2 ]
N-shape, the shape that resembles the capital letter N (interchangeable with the Z-shape) O-shape, the shape that resembles the capital letter O. O-ring; P-shape, the shape that resembles the capital letter P. P-trap, a P-shaped pipe under a sink or basin; Pi-shape, the shape that resembles the Greek capital letter Π. Π topology in electronic ...