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By the 17th century, the Catholic Church and Spain had a close bond, attesting to the fact that Spain was virtually free of Protestantism during the 16th century. In 1620, there were 100,000 Spaniards in the clergy; by 1660 the number had grown to about 200,000, and the Church owned 20% of all the land in Spain.
The first major territory Spain was to lose in the 19th century was the vast Louisiana Territory, which had few European settlers. It stretched north to Canada and was ceded by France in 1763 under the terms of the Treaty of Fontainebleau .
Spain, [f] officially the Kingdom of Spain, [a] [g] is a country in Southwestern Europe with territories in North Africa. [ h ] Featuring the southernmost point of continental Europe , it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Union member state.
Spain lost French Flanders and northern part of the Principality of Catalonia. 1665: Philip IV died. [10] The Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometers (4.7 million square miles) in area 1668: The Treaty of Lisbon was signed. Spain recognized the sovereignty of Portugal's new ruling dynasty, the House of Braganza. 1675
The Estoria de España ('The History of Spain') written on the initiative of Alfonso X of Castile El Sabio ('the Wise'), between 1260 and 1274, during the Reconquista ('reconquest') of Spain, is believed to be the first extended history of Spain in Old Spanish using the words España ('Spain') and Españoles ('Spaniards') to refer to Medieval ...
Habsburg Spain [c] refers to Spain and the Hispanic Monarchy, also known as the Catholic Monarchy, in the period from 1516 to 1700 when it was ruled by kings from the House of Habsburg. It had territories around the world, including modern-day Spain, a piece of south-eastern France, eventually Portugal and many other lands outside the Iberian ...
Map of 1720 showing the interior kingdoms of peninsular Spain during the Ancient Regime. Map of 1841, made by J. Archer, showing for Spain the territorial division of Floridablanca of 1785. [2] Philip V created, taking as a base the pre-existing provinces created by the Austrias, the institution of the intendancies. Although it is true that ...
Catalonia, especially Barcelona, was the first part of Spain to industrialize. This early industrialization and the new economic problems associated with it led to even more of a break with the central government and culture. [66] Catalan industrialists often lobbied for trade protection and opposed trade treaties with other countries. [67] [68]