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An ethical issue in nursing is a situation in which the nurse must make a choice between two “correct” but conflicting values: the values held by the nurse and the values of the other parties (the patient, the patient’s family, other healthcare staff, or some combination).
Ethical principles of nursing include looking beyond the bedside to individual self-regard and human rights while striving to maintain health care advancement and social justice. Developing an ethical awareness can ensure quality care. Nursing ethical principles can be broadly categorized into four major ethical nursing principles:
The following is detailed information about the seven ethical principles in nursing, why they are important, and examples of ways to apply them in the four main areas of nursing: clinical practice, nursing leadership, nursing education, and nursing research.
1. Patient Autonomy vs. Beneficence. Balancing a patient's right to make decisions about their own care with the nurse's duty to promote their overall well-being. Let's say a patient diagnosed with diabetes refuses to take insulin, despite it being essential for controlling their blood sugar levels and preventing serious complications.
For nurse managers, ethical decision-making stems from the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics, which was developed as a guideline for nursing responsibilities “in a manner consistent with quality in nursing care and the ethical obligations of the profession.”
Purpose. Nurses face increasingly complex ethical issues and challenges in today’s workplaces. They recognize the mutuality between environments that cultivate ethical practice and the provision of high-quality, patient-centered care.
The Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements is the social contract that nurses have with the U.S. public. It exemplifies our profession's promise to provide and advocate for safe, quality care for all patients and communities.
According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), the nursing code of ethics is a guide for “carrying out nursing responsibilities in a manner consistent with quality in nursing care and the ethical obligations of the profession.” Ethics, in general, are the moral principles that dictate how a person will conduct themselves.
Ethical awareness involves recognizing the ethical implications of all nursing actions, and is the first step in moral action. Given the complexity of contemporary healthcare environments, it is vital that nurses are able to recognize and address ethical issues as they arise.
Care ethics has evolved primarily in North America and Europe with different strands and input from philosophers and social scientists. This chapter traces the development of care ethics, summarises key elements, and focuses on the work of two theorists—Joan Tronto and Chris Gastmans—and the implications for nursing ethics.