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Current limiting is the practice of imposing a limit on the current that may be delivered to a load to protect the circuit generating or transmitting the current from harmful effects due to a short-circuit or overload. The term "current limiting" is also used to define a type of overcurrent protective device.
Current limiting reactors, once called current limiting reactance coils, were first presented in 1915. [2] The inventor of the current limiting reactance coil was Vern E. Alden who filed the patent on November 20, 1917 with an issue date of September 11, 1923. The original assignee was Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company. [3]
NTC thermistors can be used as inrush-current limiting devices in power supply circuits when added in series with the circuit being protected. They present a higher resistance initially, which prevents large currents from flowing at turn-on. As current continues to flow, NTC thermistors heat up, allowing higher current flow during normal operation.
The simplest inrush-current limiting system, used in many consumer electronics devices, is a NTC resistor. When cold, its high resistance allows a small current to pre-charge the reservoir capacitor. After it warms up, its low resistance more efficiently passes the working current. Many active power factor correction systems also include soft ...
It is known as a current-limiting diode (CLD) or current-regulating diode (CRD). Internal structure. It consists of an n-channel JFET with the gate shorted to the source, which functions like a two-terminal current limiter (analogous to a voltage-limiting Zener diode). It allows a current through it to rise to a certain value, but not higher.
A crowbar circuit is an electrical circuit used for preventing an overvoltage or surge condition of a power supply unit from damaging the circuits attached to the power supply. It operates by putting a short circuit or low resistance path across the voltage output (V o ), like dropping a crowbar across the output terminals of the power supply.
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A current source is an electronic circuit that delivers or absorbs an electric current which is independent of the voltage across it. A current source is the dual of a voltage source . The term current sink is sometimes used for sources fed from a negative voltage supply.