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In computing, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a combinational digital circuit that performs arithmetic and bitwise operations on integer binary numbers. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This is in contrast to a floating-point unit (FPU), which operates on floating point numbers.
A data path is a collection of functional units such as arithmetic logic units (ALUs) or multipliers that perform data processing operations, registers, and buses. [1] Along with the control unit it composes the central processing unit (CPU). [1] A larger data path can be made by joining more than one data paths using multiplexers.
For example, the part of an arithmetic logic unit, or ALU, that does mathematical calculations is constructed using combinational logic. Other circuits used in computers, such as half adders, full adders, half subtractors, full subtractors, multiplexers, demultiplexers, encoders and decoders are also made by using combinational logic.
A microprocessor is a computer processor for which the data processing logic and control is included on a single integrated circuit (IC), or a small number of ICs. The microprocessor contains the arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry required to perform the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU).
Mathematical logic, also called 'logistic', 'symbolic logic', the 'algebra of logic', and, more recently, simply 'formal logic', is the set of logical theories elaborated in the course of the nineteenth century with the aid of an artificial notation and a rigorously deductive method. [5]
The 74181 implements all 16 possible logical functions with two variables. Its arithmetic functions include addition and subtraction with and without carry. It can be used with active-high data, in which a high logic level corresponds to 1, and active-low data, in which a low logic level corresponds to 1. [4]
The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit within the processor that performs integer arithmetic and bitwise logic operations. The inputs to the ALU are the data words to be operated on (called operands), status information from previous operations, and a code from the control unit indicating which operation to perform.
In a computer's central processing unit (CPU), the accumulator is a register in which intermediate arithmetic logic unit results are stored.. Without a register like an accumulator, it would be necessary to write the result of each calculation (addition, multiplication, shift, etc.) to cache or main memory, perhaps only to be read right back again for use in the next operation.