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Information on surname history and origins; Italian Surnames, free searchable online database of Italian surnames. Short explanation of Polish surname endings and their origin Archived 15 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine; Summers, Neil (4 November 2006). "Welsh surnames and their meaning". Amlwch history databases. Archived from the original on ...
In India, surnames are placed as last names or before first names, which often denote: village of origin, caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors. The use of surnames is a relatively new convention, introduced during British colonisation.
Ethnonymic surnames are surnames or bynames that originate from ethnonyms.They may originate from nicknames based on the descent of a person from a given ethnic group. Other reasons could be that a person came to a particular place from the area with different ethnic prevalence, from owing a property in such area, or had a considerable contact with persons or area of other ethnicity.
For ease of use, the [i] in front of the last name, and the ending _ve, were dropped. If the last name ends in [a], then removing the [j] would give the name of the patriarch or the place, as in, Grudaj - j = Gruda (place in MM). Otherwise, removing the whole ending [aj] yields the name of founder or place of origin, as in Lekaj - aj = Lek(ë).
[9] [10] Some families, however, opted to retain the possessive portion of their surnames, for instance Lorenzo de' Medici literally means "Lorenzo of the Medici" (de' is a contraction of dei, also meaning "of the"; c.f. The Medicis). Another example of the use of plural suffix in Italian surnames is Manieri which is the plural form of Mainiero ...
Onomastics has applications in data mining, with applications such as named-entity recognition, or recognition of the origin of names. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is a popular approach in historical research, where it can be used to identify ethnic minorities within populations [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and for the purpose of prosopography .
In written form, the nomen was usually followed by a filiation, indicating the personal name of an individual's father, and sometimes the name of the mother or other antecedents. Toward the end of the Roman Republic , this was followed by the name of a citizen's voting tribe .
Torres is the 50th most common surname in the United States and the 11th most common Spanish surname. [3] It is a common surname in Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Spain, Portugal, Colombia, Peru, Cuba, Mexico, Venezuela and the Philippines, among others. In Italy, among other countries, it is found as a Sephardic surname. [4] [5]