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A surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is typically combined with a given name to form the full name of a person, although several given names and surnames are possible in the full name.
In written form, the nomen was usually followed by a filiation, indicating the personal name of an individual's father, and sometimes the name of the mother or other antecedents. Toward the end of the Roman Republic , this was followed by the name of a citizen's voting tribe .
In Slovenia the last name of a female is the same as the male form in official use (identification documents, letters). In speech and descriptive writing (literature, newspapers) a female form of the last name is regularly used. If the name has no suffix, it may or may not have a feminine version.
Italy has the largest collection of surnames (cognomi) of any country in the world, with over 350,000. [6] [7] Men—except slaves—in ancient Rome always had hereditary surnames, i.e., nomen (clan name) and cognomen (side-clan name). However, the multi-name tradition was lost by the Middle Ages.
For ease of use, the [i] in front of the last name, and the ending _ve, were dropped. If the last name ends in [a], then removing the [j] would give the name of the patriarch or the place, as in, Grudaj - j = Gruda (place in MM). Otherwise, removing the whole ending [aj] yields the name of founder or place of origin, as in Lekaj - aj = Lek(ë).
Italy portal Subcategories. This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total. F ... Surnames of Sardinian origin (1 P) T. Italian toponymic surnames (82 P)
Ethnonymic surnames are surnames or bynames that originate from ethnonyms.They may originate from nicknames based on the descent of a person from a given ethnic group. Other reasons could be that a person came to a particular place from the area with different ethnic prevalence, from owing a property in such area, or had a considerable contact with persons or area of other ethnicity.
The meaning and origin of name of Latvian people is unclear, however the root lat-/let- is associated with several Baltic hydronyms and might share common origin with the Liet-part of neighbouring Lithuania (Lietuva, see below) and name of Latgalians – one of the Baltic tribes that are considered ancestors of modern Latvian people.