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[14] There has been evidence from epidemiological studies, human and animal intervention experiments supporting the links between high rate of salt intake and hypertension. [2] [15] A Cochrane review and meta-analysis of clinical trials showed that reduced sodium intake reduces blood pressure in hypertensive and normotensive subjects.
Low sodium intake level was a mean of <115 mmol (2645 mg), usual sodium intake was 115-215 mmol (2645–4945 mg), and a high sodium intake was >215 mmol (4945 mg), concluding: "Both low sodium intakes and high sodium intakes are associated with increased mortality, consistent with a U-shaped association between sodium intake and health outcomes".
In a recent study, salt substitutes reduced stroke-related mortality by 12% and recurrent stroke by 14% compared to regular salt intake. The research follows new guidelines from the World Health ...
In terms of environmental factors, dietary salt intake is the leading risk factor in the development of hypertension. [7] Salt sensitivity is characterized by an increase in blood pressure with an increase in dietary salt and is associated with various genetic, demographic, and physiological factors— African American populations, postmenopausal women, and older individuals carry a higher ...
“Zero dietary sodium intake may lead to clinically significant low blood sodium levels, which can cause severe muscle cramps, weakness, nausea and vomiting, seizures and coma, shock or even ...
Other stroke risk factors include: High blood pressure ... Trying to minimize your intake of foods high in saturated fat, trans fat, or cholesterol. Taking steps to minimize your sodium intake.
Because consuming too much sodium increases risk of cardiovascular diseases, [6] health organizations generally recommend that people reduce their dietary intake of salt. [6] [67] [68] [69] High sodium intake is associated with a greater risk of stroke, total cardiovascular disease and kidney disease.
Estimated sodium intake ≥6 g/day and <3 g/day are both associated with high risk of death or major cardiovascular disease, but the association between high sodium intake and adverse outcomes is only observed in people with hypertension. [103]