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Concrete classes have to explicitly declare they implement the immutable interface. This may not be possible if the concrete class "belongs to" third-party code, for instance, if it is contained within a library. The object is not really immutable and hence not suitable for use in data structures relying on immutability like hash maps.
Primitive wrapper classes are not the same thing as primitive types. Whereas variables, for example, can be declared in Java as data types double, short, int, etc., the primitive wrapper classes create instantiated objects and methods that inherit but hide the primitive data types, not like variables that are assigned the data type values.
In computing based on the Java Platform, JavaBeans is a technology developed by Sun Microsystems and released in 1996, as part of JDK 1.1.. The 'beans' of JavaBeans are classes that encapsulate one or more objects into a single standardized object (the bean).
In object-oriented (OO) and functional programming, an immutable object (unchangeable [1] object) is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. [2] This is in contrast to a mutable object (changeable object), which can be modified after it is created. [3]
A class diagram exemplifying the singleton pattern.. In object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance.
In the above UML class diagram, the Director class doesn't create and assemble the ProductA1 and ProductB1 objects directly. Instead, the Director refers to the Builder interface for building (creating and assembling) the parts of a complex object, which makes the Director independent of which concrete classes are instantiated (which ...
If a class does not specify its superclass, it implicitly inherits from java.lang.Object class. Thus all classes in Java are subclasses of Object class. If the superclass does not have a constructor without parameters the subclass must specify in its constructors what constructor of the superclass to use. For example:
Applets: java.applet allows applications to be downloaded over a network and run within a guarded sandbox; Java Beans: java.beans provides ways to manipulate reusable components. Introspection and reflection: java.lang.Class represents a class, but other classes such as Method and Constructor are available in java.lang.reflect.