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[1] The source–message–channel–receiver model is a linear transmission model of communication. It is also referred to as the sender–message–channel–receiver model, the SMCR model, and Berlo's model. It was first published by David Berlo in his 1960 book The Process of Communication.
The first step is to distinguish between the graphical model and the typology, which is different decoding positions (dominant-hegemonic, negotiated, and oppositional). The second step is to divide the model into two versions, an ideology version (Figure 1) and a text-related version (Figure 2). Figure 1.
[6] [7] The process as a whole is very complex, which is why models of communication only present the most salient features by showing how the main components operate and interact. [8] They usually do so in the form of a simplified visualization and ignore some aspects for the sake of simplicity. [9] [10] [11]
A model of communication is a simplified presentation that aims to give a basic explanation of the process by highlighting its most fundamental characteristics and components. [16] [8] [17] For example, James Watson and Anne Hill see Lasswell's model as a mere questioning device and not as a full model of communication. [10]
(PDF) "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" by C. E. Shannon (reprint with corrections) hosted by the Harvard Mathematics Department, at Harvard University. Original publications: The Bell System Technical Journal 1948-07: Vol 27 Iss 3. AT & T Bell Laboratories. 1948-07-01. pp. 379– 423., The Bell System Technical Journal 1948-10: Vol 27 ...
Human communication can be defined as any Shared Symbolic Interaction. [6]Shared, because each communication process also requires a system of signification (the Code) as its necessary condition, and if the encoding is not known to all those who are involved in the communication process, there is no understanding and therefore fails the same notification.
[6] [7] [8] For Schramm, a central aspect of communication is that the participants "are trying to establish a 'commonness '" by sharing an idea or information. [9] [10] In this regard, communication can be defined as "the sharing of an orientation toward a set of informational signs" and is based on a relation between the communicators. [11]
Paths of communication can be physical (e.g. the road as transportation route) or non-physical (e.g. networks like a computer network). Contents of communication can be for example photography, data, graphics, language, or texts. Means of communication in the narrower sense refer to technical devices that transmit information. [5]