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Chamomile may be used as a flavouring agent in foods and beverages, mouthwash, soaps, and cosmetics. [5] Chamomile tea is a herbal infusion made from dried flowers and hot water, and may improve sleep quality. [3] Two types of chamomile are used, namely German chamomile (Matricaria recutita) and Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). [3]
The word chamomile comes from the Greek χαμαίμηλον (chamaimēlon) meaning "earth-apple", [6] which is derived from χαμαί (chamai) meaning "on the ground" [7] and μήλον (mēlon) meaning "apple". [8] It is so called because of the apple-like scent of the plant.
Chamaemelum nobile, commonly known as chamomile (also spelled camomile), is a low perennial plant found in dry fields and around gardens and cultivated grounds in Europe, North America, and South America.
Anacyclus pyrethrum, the pellitory, Spanish chamomile, Mount Atlas daisy, bertram, or Akarkara, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. [4] It is native to Mediterranean Europe and parts of North Africa, but also naturalised in other parts of Europe, India and Pakistan. [ 5 ]
Matricaria is a genus of flowering plants in the chamomile tribe within the sunflower family. [3] [4] Some of the species have the common name of "mayweed", but this name also refers to plants not in this genus.
Perhaps the best-known species is Roman chamomile, Chamaemelum nobile. These are annual or perennial herbs, rarely exceeding half a meter in height and usually bearing solitary white daisylike flowers with yellow centers. They are native to Europe but most species can be found scattered in other continents where they have been introduced.
Cladanthus mixtus, commonly known as the Moroccan chamomile, is a mostly Mediterranean species of flowering plant in the aster family, often considered a weed but is also distilled for essential oil, which changes in composition depending on where it grows.
Cota tinctoria, the golden marguerite, yellow chamomile, or oxeye chamomile, is a species of perennial flowering plant in the sunflower family. Other common names include dyer's chamomile, Boston daisy, and Paris daisy. In horticulture this plant is still widely referred to by its synonym Anthemis tinctoria. [2]