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The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell–cell adhesion, and gain migratory and invasive properties to become mesenchymal stem cells; these are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types.
Unlike epithelial cells – which are stationary and characterized by an apico-basal polarity with binding by a basal lamina, tight junctions, gap junctions, adherent junctions and expression of cell-cell adhesion markers such as E-cadherin, [4] mesenchymal cells do not make mature cell-cell contacts, can invade through the extracellular matrix, and express markers such as vimentin ...
Wnt signaling is involved in another key migration process known as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This process allows epithelial cells to transform into mesenchymal cells so that they are no longer held in place at the laminin. It involves cadherin down-regulation so that cells can detach from laminin and migrate.
54361 22417 Ensembl ENSG00000162552 ENSMUSG00000036856 UniProt P56705 P22724 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_030761 NM_009523 RefSeq (protein) NP_110388 NP_033549 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 22.12 – 22.14 Mb Chr 4: 137 – 137.03 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse WNT4 is a secreted protein that, in humans, is encoded by the WNT4 gene, found on chromosome 1. It promotes female sex ...
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition is a morphogenetic process, normally occurs in embryogenesis that is "hijacked" by cancer stem cells by detaching from their primary place and migrating to another one. The dissemination is followed by reverse transition so-called Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT).
In epithelial tumors, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered to be a crucial event. [84] EMT and the reverse transition from mesenchymal to an epithelial phenotype are involved in embryonic development, which involves disruption of epithelial cell homeostasis and the acquisition of a migratory mesenchymal phenotype. [85]
Neural mesenchyme soon undergoes a mesenchymal–epithelial transition under the influence of WNT6 produced by ectoderm to form somites. [20] These structures will undergo a secondary EMT as the somite tissue migrates later in development to form structural connective tissue such as cartilage and skeletal muscle. [21]
During gastrulation, migrating epiblast cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition in order to lose cell-cell adhesion , delaminate from the epiblast layer and migrate over the dorsal surface of the epiblast then down through the primitive streak. The first wave of epiblast cells to invaginate through the primitive streak invades and ...