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Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) is an OASIS standard language to describe a topology of cloud based web services, their components, relationships, and the processes that manage them. [1] The TOSCA standard includes specifications of a file archive format called CSAR.
It is common for microservices architectures to be adopted for cloud-native applications, serverless computing, and applications using lightweight container deployment. . According to Fowler, because of the large number (when compared to monolithic application implementations) of services, decentralized continuous delivery and DevOps with holistic service monitoring are necessary to ...
Frequently, cloud-native applications are built as a set of microservices that run in Open Container Initiative compliant containers, such as Containerd, and may be orchestrated in Kubernetes and managed and deployed using DevOps and Git CI workflows [8] (although there is a large amount of competing open source that supports cloud-native ...
There is no single commonly agreed definition of microservices. The following characteristics and principles can be found in the literature: fine-grained interfaces (to independently deployable services), business-driven development (e.g. domain-driven design), IDEAL cloud application architectures, polyglot programming and persistence,
Function as a service is a "platform-level cloud capability" that enables its users "to build and manage microservices applications with low initial investment for scalability," according to ISO/IEC 22123-2. [1] Function as a Service is a subset of the serverless computing ecosystem. [2]
Gartner defines a hybrid cloud service as a cloud computing service that is composed of some combination of private, public and community cloud services, from different service providers. [64] A hybrid cloud service crosses isolation and provider boundaries so that it cannot be simply put in one category of private, public, or community cloud ...
Serverless computing is "a cloud service category in which the customer can use different cloud capabilities types without the customer having to provision, deploy and manage either hardware or software resources, other than providing customer application code or providing customer data. Serverless computing represents a form of virtualized ...
An Nginx architect argued that the relevance of the Twelve-Factor app concept is somewhat specific to Heroku, while introducing their own (Nginx's) proposed architecture for microservices. [3] The twelve factors are however cited as a baseline from which to adapt or extend.