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On October 16, 1952, Stalin formally abolished the position, but he retained ultimate power and his position as Chairman of the Council of Ministers until his death on 5 March 1953. [20] At a tenure of 30 years, 7 months, Stalin was the longest-serving General Secretary, serving almost half of the USSR's entire existence.
Stalin's office was near Lenin's in the Smolny Institute, [122] and he and Trotsky had direct access to Lenin without an appointment. [123] Stalin co-signed Lenin's decrees shutting down hostile newspapers, [ 124 ] and co-chaired the committee drafting a constitution for the newly-formed Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic . [ 125 ]
Stalin, through his office as General Secretary, received advanced knowledge about Lenin's Testament and sought to delay its release. [12] Upon its release to the party, Stalin offered to resign as General Secretary, but this was rebuked to maintain the image of party unity. [13]
Stalin used the principles of democratic centralism to transform his office into that of party leader, and later leader of the Soviet Union. [123] In 1934, the 17th Party Congress did not elect a General Secretary and Stalin was an ordinary secretary until his death in 1953, although he remained the de facto leader without diminishing his own ...
Upon death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent president, the Vice President of the Soviet Union would assume the office, though the Soviet Union dissolved before this was actually tested. [9] After the failed coup in August 1991, the vice president was replaced by an elected member of the State Council of the Soviet Union. [10]
After pro-Yeltsin parties did poorly in the 1993 legislative election, Gorbachev called on him to resign. [463] In 1995, his foundation held a conference on "The Intelligentsia and Perestroika". It was there that Gorbachev proposed to the Duma a law that would reduce many of the presidential powers established by Yeltsin's 1993 constitution ...
DAMASCUS, SYRIA - MAY 03: Syria's President Bashar al-Assad, seen during the Signing of the comprehensive program of strategic and long-term cooperation between Iran and Syria, On May 03, 2023 In ...
In the purge, Stalin ordered the execution or exile of nearly all Soviet bureaucrats over the age of 35, thereby opening up posts and offices for a younger generation of Soviets. This generation would rule the country from the aftermath of Stalin's purge up to Mikhail Gorbachev's rise to power in 1985. The majority of these appointees were of ...