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Guernica (/ ɡ ɜːr ˈ n iː k ə, ˈ ɡ ɜːr n ɪ k ə /, [3] Spanish pronunciation: [ɡeɾˈnika]), officially Gernika (pronounced) in Basque, is a town in the province of Biscay, in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, Spain.
Guernica is a large 1937 oil painting by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is one of his best-known works, regarded by many art critics as the most moving and powerful anti-war painting in history. [ 3 ]
The Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country of 1979 (Basque: Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko Estatutua; Spanish: Estatuto de Autonomía del País Vasco), widely known as the Statute of Gernika (Basque: Gernikako Estatutua; Spanish: Estatuto de Guernica), is the legal document organizing the political system of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country' (Basque: Euskadiko Autonomi Erkidegoa ...
In 1955, Picasso, Jaqueline and her husband René Dürrbach worked together to create a tapestry version of Picasso's anti-war painting Guernica. [7] [8] [9] They also jointly created a 3.50 x 7.10 metre gouache painting as a study for the Guernica tapestry. [9] In 1957 she created a tapestry of Picasso's Deux Harlequins painting. [7] [10]
English-language sources using Guernica only do so because: (a) BEFORE the territory in which Gernika is located obtained political autonomy as the Basque Autonomous Community in 1979, under Spanish law according to the present-day Spanish constitution (passed in 1978), which essentially means down until the end of the Franco dictatorship ...
During the creation of Guernica, Picasso made his first studies of a weeping woman on 24 May 1937, however, it was not to be included in the composition of Guernica.An image of the weeping woman was inserted in the lower right of the painting, but this was removed by Picasso, who considered that it would upstage the agonised expressions of the four women in the painting.
In the Middle Ages, representatives of the villages of Biscay would hold assemblies under local big trees. As time passed, the role of separate assemblies was superseded by the Guernica Assembly in 1512, and its oak would acquire a symbolic meaning, with actual assemblies being held in a purpose-built hermitage-house (the current building dates from 1833).
Pablo Picasso's painting Guernica (1937) stands as a prominent example. Contemporary American painter Hugo Bastidas has become known for black-and-white paintings that imitate the effect of grisaille and often resemble black-and-white photographs. His medium- and large-scale paintings feature contrasting zones of high and low detail. [2] [3]