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Up until the discovery of JADES-GS-z13-0 in 2022 by the James Webb Space Telescope, GN-z11 was the oldest and most distant known galaxy yet identified in the observable universe, [7] having a spectroscopic redshift of z = 10.957, which corresponds to a proper distance of approximately 32 billion light-years (9.8 billion parsecs).
The age of the oldest known stars approaches the age of the universe, about 13.8 billion years. Some of these are among the first stars from reionization (the stellar dawn), ending the Dark Ages about 370,000 years after the Big Bang. [1] This list includes stars older than 12 billion years, or about 87% of the age of the universe.
It is commonly referred to as the oldest known grand design spiral galaxy in the universe, [2] but it is more accurately the earliest such galaxy known to exist in the universe, with a lookback time (the difference between the age of the universe now and the age of the universe at the time light left the galaxy [3]) of 10.7 billion years [1] in ...
Spectroscopic observations by JWST's NIRSpec instrument in October 2022 confirmed the galaxy's redshift of z = 13.2 to a high accuracy, establishing it as the oldest and most distant spectroscopically-confirmed galaxy at the time, with a light-travel distance (lookback time) of 13.4 billion years.
The pair of galaxies were found lensed by galaxy cluster CL1358+62 (z = 0.33). This was the first time since 1964 that something other than a quasar held the record for being the most distant object in the universe.
Also based on oxygen-related measurements, the age of the galaxy is confirmed. [11] [12] GLASS-z12 derives its name from the GLASS survey that discovered it and its estimated photometric redshift of approximately z = 12.4 +0.1 −0.3. [1] GLASS-z12 was initially announced as GLASS-z13 because it was thought to have a higher redshift of z = 13.1.
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EGS-zs8-1 is a high-redshift Lyman-break galaxy found at the northern constellation of Boötes. [2] In May 2015, EGS-zs8-1 had the highest spectroscopic redshift of any known galaxy, meaning EGS-zs8-1 was the most distant and the oldest galaxy observed. [3] [4] In July 2015, EGS-zs8-1 was surpassed by EGSY8p7 (EGSY-2008532660). [citation needed]