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Stem-loops occur in pre-microRNA structures and most famously in transfer RNA, which contain three true stem-loops and one stem that meet in a cloverleaf pattern.The anticodon that recognizes a codon during the translation process is located on one of the unpaired loops in the tRNA.
The two RNA loops interact through stacking interactions and through hydrogen bonding (interacting bases shown in space-filling representation). [1] In genetics, a kissing stem-loop, or kissing stem loop interaction, is formed in ribonucleic acid (RNA) when two bases between two hairpin loops pair. These intra- and intermolecular kissing ...
The structure of the RNA stem-loop that facilitates intrinsic termination. Intrinsic, or rho-independent termination, is a process to signal the end of transcription and release the newly constructed RNA molecule. In bacteria such as E. coli, transcription is terminated either by a rho-dependent process or rho-independent process.
The stem-loop structure (also often referred to as an "hairpin"), in which a base-paired helix ends in a short unpaired loop, is extremely common and is a building block for larger structural motifs such as cloverleaf structures, which are four-helix junctions such as those found in transfer RNA. Internal loops (a short series of unpaired bases ...
MS2 tagging is a technique based upon the natural interaction of the MS2 bacteriophage coat protein with a stem-loop structure from the phage genome, [1] which is used for biochemical purification of RNA-protein complexes and partnered to GFP for detection of RNA in living cells. [2]
The IRE is a stem-loop structure within the untranslated regions of mRNAs that encode proteins involved in cellular iron metabolism. The mRNA transcript containing this element is either degraded or stabilized depending upon the binding of specific proteins and the intracellular iron concentrations. [3] Stem-loop structure of an RNA molecule
RNA secondary structure is usually represented by the dot-bracket notation, with pairing round brackets indicating basepairs in a stem and dots representing loops. The interrupted stems of pseudoknots mean that such notation must be extended with extra brackets, or even letters, so that different sets of stems can be represented.
The histone 3′ UTR stem-loop is an RNA element involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport of the histone mRNAs, and in the regulation of stability and of translation efficiency in the cytoplasm.