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Religions in Chad by region; Islam (green: mostly, light green: plurality), Christianity and traditional religions (blue: mostly, light blue plurality). Christianity arrived in Chad with the French, at the end of the 19th century. [5] Among Chadian Christians, 22.8% profess to be Catholic and 17.9% profess to be Protestant.
The country has an area of 496,000 square miles (1,280,000 km 2) and a population of 18,278,568 according to the UN estimate for 2023.. According to estimates in 2014–15, 52.1% of the population is Muslim (mainly Sufi Tijaniyah), 23.9% is Protestant, 20% is Roman Catholic, 0.3% is animist, 0.2% are 'other Christian', 2.8% have no religion, and 0.7% did not specify what their beliefs were.
Chad's official languages are Arabic and French. [9] It is home to over 200 different ethnic and linguistic groups. Islam (55.1%) and Christianity (41.1%) are the main religions practiced in Chad. [2] [10] Beginning in the 7th millennium BC, human populations moved into the Chadian basin in great numbers.
Christianity in Chad arrived more recently than other religions, with the arrival of Europeans. [1] Its followers are divided into Roman Catholics and Protestants (including several denominations) and collectively represent 45% of the country's population.
Similarly, in the mid-nineteenth century, the Sanusiyya brotherhood was founded in Libya, which benefited from economic and political influence in the Lake Chad Basin around 1900. [4] An Islamic revival movement, feared by some French, led by Sanusi fanatics, Chadian adherents, limited to the Awlad Sulayman Arabs and the Toubou of eastern ...
Islamization began as early as the 8th century and was mostly complete by the 11th, when Islam became the official religion of the Kanem–Bornu Empire.The Shuwa established an economy of slave trade across the Sudan region, and in Chad there was a tradition of slave raids under the Ouaddai and Baguirmi which persisted well into the 20th century.
Three religious traditions coexist in Chad- classical African religions, Islam, and Christianity. None is monolithic. The first tradition includes a variety of ancestor and/or place-oriented religions whose expression is highly specific. Islam, although characterized by an orthodox set of beliefs and observances, also is expressed in diverse ways.
This decree set up three religious jurisdictions that eventually became four bishoprics. [4] The first, administered by the Jesuits, had its seat in N'Djamena. [4] Although its jurisdiction included the eight prefectures in the northern and eastern parts of the country, almost all the Catholics in sahelian and Saharan Chad lived in the capital. [4]