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With asexual perennials the best time is just before harvest. For the best results the selected plant must be evaluated during the next season, when growth-abnormalities, leave disfigurations and virus symptoms are best visualized. Mass selection is done annually on the same plant for a minimum of three years.
Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. [1] It is used to improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals. [2] The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varieties that boast unique and superior traits for a variety of applications.
Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.
A genetically modified tomato, or transgenic tomato, is a tomato that has had its genes modified, using genetic engineering. The first trial genetically modified food was a tomato engineered to have a longer shelf life (the Flavr Savr ), which was on the market briefly beginning on May 21, 1994. [ 1 ]
It was the most popular variety of tomato in the world, according to Thomas J. Orton, a professor in the department of plant biology and pathology at Rutgers University. [6] The Rutgers tomato, at its peak, made up more than 60% of all commercial tomato sales. [7] The Rutgers tomato plummeted in popularity with commercial farmers in the 1960s.
Tomato plants are vines, becoming decumbent, and can grow up to 3 m (9.8 ft); bush varieties are generally no more than 100 cm (3 ft 3 in) tall. They are tender perennials, often grown as annuals. [40] [41] Tomato plants are dicots. They grow as a series of branching stems, with a terminal bud at the tip that does the actual growing.
Plum tomato: Red Looks almost identical with Roma tomato: Raf tomato: Red Raspberry Lyanna Pink Open Pollinated Hybrid 6–10 oz Oblate Semi-Determinate Regular Leaf Canning Slicing Sweet, rich flavor. [107] [108] Rebekah Allen Pink 65–70 Heirloom Round Indeterminate Regular Leaf Some disease resistance. Complex, balanced flavor. [109] [110 ...
Selective breeding enlarged desired traits of the wild mustard plant (Brassica oleracea) over hundreds of years, resulting in dozens of today's agricultural crops. Cabbage, kale, broccoli, and cauliflower were all products of this selective breeding, making them all the same plant.
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