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In physics, the cross section is a measure of the probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles. For example, the Rutherford cross-section is a measure of probability that an alpha particle will be deflected by a given angle during an interaction with an atomic nucleus.
In analogy with the cross-section of a solid, the cross-section of an n-dimensional body in an n-dimensional space is the non-empty intersection of the body with a hyperplane (an (n − 1)-dimensional subspace). This concept has sometimes been used to help visualize aspects of higher dimensional spaces. [7]
In physics, absorption cross-section is a measure of the probability of an absorption process. More generally, the term cross-section is used in physics to quantify the probability of a certain particle-particle interaction, e.g., scattering , electromagnetic absorption , etc. (Note that light in this context is described as consisting of ...
A space curve; the vectors T, N, B; and the osculating plane spanned by T and N. In differential geometry, the Frenet–Serret formulas describe the kinematic properties of a particle moving along a differentiable curve in three-dimensional Euclidean space, or the geometric properties of the curve itself irrespective of any motion.
2-dimensional section of Reeb foliation 3-dimensional model of Reeb foliation. In mathematics (differential geometry), a foliation is an equivalence relation on an n-manifold, the equivalence classes being connected, injectively immersed submanifolds, all of the same dimension p, modeled on the decomposition of the real coordinate space R n into the cosets x + R p of the standardly embedded ...
Cross section (fiber), microscopic view of textile fibers. Section (fiber bundle) , in differential and algebraic geometry and topology, a section of a fiber bundle or sheaf Cross-sectional data , in statistics, econometrics, and medical research, a data set drawn from a single point in time
Both buckling terms are derived from the particular diffusion equation which is valid for neutrons: [2] + =. where k is the criticality eigenvalue, is the neutrons per fission, is the macroscopic cross section for fission, and from diffusion theory, the diffusion coefficient is defined as:
The cross-section of a common whistle is shown in the figure on the right. The cavity is a closed-end cylinder (3 ⁄ 4 in (19 mm) diameter), but with the cylinder axis lateral to the jet axis. The orifice is 1 ⁄ 16 in (1.6 mm) wide, and the sharp edge is 1 ⁄ 4 in (6.4 mm) from the jet orifice. When blown weakly, the sound is mostly ...