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The broken bar does not appear to have any clearly identified uses distinct from those of the vertical bar. [15] In non-computing use — for example in mathematics, physics and general typography — the broken bar is not an acceptable substitute for the vertical bar.
Given real numbers x and y, integers m and n and the set of integers, floor and ceiling may be defined by the equations ⌊ ⌋ = {}, ⌈ ⌉ = {}. Since there is exactly one integer in a half-open interval of length one, for any real number x, there are unique integers m and n satisfying the equation
For example, [] is the smallest subring of C containing all the integers and ; it consists of all numbers of the form +, where m and n are arbitrary integers. Another example: Z [ 1 / 2 ] {\displaystyle \mathbf {Z} [1/2]} is the subring of Q consisting of all rational numbers whose denominator is a power of 2 .
The vertical bar (or colon) is a separator that can be read as "such that", "for which", or "with the property that". The formula Φ(x) is said to be the rule or the predicate. All values of x for which the predicate holds (is true) belong to the set being defined. All values of x for which
A superscript is understood to be grouped as long as it continues in the form of a superscript. For example if an x has a superscript of the forma+b, the sum is the exponent. For example: x 2+3, it is understood that the 2+3 is grouped, and that the exponent is the sum of 2 and 3. These rules are understood by all mathematicians.
In combinatorics, stars and bars (also called "sticks and stones", [1] "balls and bars", [2] and "dots and dividers" [3]) is a graphical aid for deriving certain combinatorial theorems. It can be used to solve a variety of counting problems , such as how many ways there are to put n indistinguishable balls into k distinguishable bins. [ 4 ]
In college mathematics exercises often depend on functions of a real variable or application of theorems. The standard exercises of calculus involve finding derivatives and integrals of specified functions. Usually instructors prepare students with worked examples: the exercise is stated, then a model answer is provided. Often several worked ...
For example: "All humans are mortal, and Socrates is a human. ∴ Socrates is mortal." ∵ Abbreviation of "because" or "since". Placed between two assertions, it means that the first one is implied by the second one. For example: "11 is prime ∵ it has no positive integer factors other than itself and one." ∋ 1. Abbreviation of "such that".