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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [1] is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation that are excessive and pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and developmentally-inappropriate. [9]
ADHD in adults, as with children, is recognized as an impairment that may constitute a disability under U.S. federal disability nondiscrimination laws, including such laws as the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA, 2008 revision), if the disorder substantially limits one or more of an individual's major life ...
[4] [5] [6] Stimulant and non-stimulant medications are similarly effective in treating ADHD symptoms. [7] The presence of comorbid (co-occurring) disorders can make finding the right treatment and diagnosis much more complicated, costly, and time-consuming. So it is recommended to assess and simultaneously treat any comorbid disorders.
Distinguishing between ASD and other diagnoses can be challenging because the traits of ASD often overlap with symptoms of other disorders, and the characteristics of ASD make traditional diagnostic procedures difficult. [2] [3] Autism is associated with several genetic disorders, [4] perhaps due to an overlap in genetic causes. [5]
In adolescents, emotional dysregulation is a risk factor for many mental health disorders including depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, substance use disorder, alcohol use disorder, eating disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, and disruptive mood ...
Angela Carpenter Gildner, 55, is a social worker in Washington, D.C. When her son was diagnosed with ADHD, she suspected that she also had the condition and was later diagnosed with it.
Children with ODD usually begin showing symptoms around age 6 to 8, although the disorder can emerge in younger children too. Symptoms can last throughout teenage years. [12] The pooled prevalence is 3.6% up to age 18. [13] Oppositional defiant disorder has a prevalence of 1–11%. [2] The average prevalence is approximately 3%. [2]
16p11.2 deletion syndrome is a rare genetic condition caused by microdeletion on the short arm of chromosome 16. Most affected individuals experience global developmental delay and intellectual disability, as well as childhood-onset obesity. [1] 16p11.2 deletion is estimated to account for approximately 1% of autism spectrum disorder cases. [3] [4]